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Kidney function levels chart9/12/2023 ![]() Several other factors may cause chronic kidney failure, such as: The most reliable clue to diagnosis is a strong family history of the disease. Symptoms include high blood pressure in young individuals, and enlarged kidneys detected by examination of the stomach or by routine ultrasound examination. If a parent is affected by APKD, there is a 50% chance their child will also have it. Autosomal polycystic kidney disease (APKD)įinally, autosomal polycystic kidney disease (APKD) is an inherited condition that can subsequently result in chronic kidney failure. Examining the urine for blood and protein is the best way to detect it. However, it can be controlled with medication. This condition, which can affect all ages, is not preventable or curable. The second common cause of chronic kidney failure is an inflammation of the kidney filters, known as glomerulonephritis. These attach to the kidney filters, causing damage that results in an inability to filter toxins out of the body. And when blood sugar levels are high, there are more sticky proteins. When blood sugar binds to proteins, it makes them 'sticky'. In fact, in 2013, over 60% of kidney failure patients who required dialysis were diabetic. Exposure to environmental pollutants or certain medicationsĭiabetes is by far the common cause of chronic kidney failure in Singapore.Kidney failure can be attributed to several causes, such as: Once kidney failure occurs, kidney dialysis or a kidney transplant is needed. This means the kidney are getting very close to failure or have completely failed. Stage 5 disease means the eGFR is less than 15. People with Stage 4 disease should also begin discussing about preparing for kidney failure with their doctor. Many people with stage 4 disease have symptoms such as swelling in the hands and feet, back pain, and urinating more or less than normal. This means that the kidneys are moderately or severely damaged. Stage 4 kidney disease indicates an eGFR between 15 and 29. There may also be other health complications as waste build-ups in the body, high blood pressure, anaemia and bone disease. People with Stage 3 kidney disease usually do not have any symptoms. Stage 3a refers to an eGFR between 45 and 59 while stage 3b means you have an eGFR between 30 and 44. Stage 3 kidney disease is divided into 2 stages. This means that like in Stage 1, your kidneys are generally healthy and working well but there are other signs to indicate kidney damage such as protein in the urine or physical damage to the kidneys. Stage 2 kidney disease refers to mild kidney damage and an eGFR between 60 and 89. This means your kidneys are healthy and working well but you have other signs of kidney damage, such as protein in your urine or physical damage to your kidneys. Stage 1 kidney disease means you have mild kidney damage and an eGFR of 90 or greater. The stages of kidney disease are based on the eGFR number: Stage 1 This is measured by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). There are 5 stages of kidney disease based on how well the kidneys can filter waste out of the blood. Doctors diagnose chronic kidney failure if lack of function persists for more than 3 months. Significant damage to your nephrons may reduce your kidney function. Over time, dangerous levels of wastes may accumulate in the body, which can be life-threatening if left untreated. When kidney failure (also called renal failure) occurs, the kidneys are unable to filter waste products from the blood. Being aware of the causes of kidney failure is the first step to prevention.ĭr Akira Wu, renal physician at Mount Elizabeth Hospital, explains what kidney failure is, what causes it and what symptoms to look out for.
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